Ronnie Apter (born 1943), Professor Emerita of English at Central Michigan University, is the author of Digging for the Treasure: Translation After Pound (1984, reprint ed. 1987); A Bilingual Edition of the Love Songs of Bernart de Ventadorn in Occitan and English: Sugar and Salt (1999), a book and CD including literal, poetic, and singable translations of the works of the 12th-century troubadour; the chapter on “Ezra Pound” in Translation — Theory and Practice: A Historical Reader (2006); and, with Mark Herman, Translating for Singing (2016). Also with Mark Herman, she has translated 24 operas, operettas, and choral works performed throughout the United States, Canada, England, and written numerous articles on translation and on opera. Her poetry translations, done with Mark Herman and others, have appeared in journals such as The Literary Review, The New Orleans Review, and Metamorphoses; and in the books Corno Inglese: An Anthology of Eugenio Montale’s Poetry in English Translation (2009) and In the Grip of Strange Thoughts: Russian Poetry in a New Era (1999).